SAT-183 - The Impact of Dietary Intake and Meal Timing on Continuous Glucose Monitor-Derived Metrics in People with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine condition affecting 11-13% of people with ovaries. As comorbidities often include insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, nutrition plays a crucial role in symptom management. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have not yet been explored in the PCOS population to assess glucose responses to dietary pattern or nutrient composition.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory analysis of a cross-sectional study of 29 females aged 20-40 years with PCOS. Participants wore a FreeStyle Libre 2 CGM for 42 days. Dietary intake was assessed using three Automated Self-Administered 24-hour dietary recalls. The relationship between macronutrient, fiber, calorie intake, Healthy Eating Index scores and CGM glucose parameters were tested using mixed models, regression, and Spearman correlation and adjusted for body mass index, age, and physical activity. Meal timing and glycemic excursion incremental area under the curve were analyzed using linear mixed models.

Results: A one SD increase in protein intake was significantly associated with a lower glycemic coefficient of variation when unadjusted (-1.42%, 95% CI: -2.75, -0.12) and adjusted (-2.00%, 95% CI -3.59, -0.46). Later average mealtimes were associated with increased glycemic variability (Continuous Overall Net Glycemic Action, p=0.02; Mean of Daily Differences, p=0.04. A one standard deviation (SD) increase in fiber intake was significantly associated with lower mean daytime glucose (-0.18mmol/L, 95% CI -0.34, -0.02), but the association was insignificant after adjustment (-0.166mmol/L, 95% CI -0.34; 0.01).

Conclusion: Higher protein intake and earlier average mealtime may be associated with lower glycemic variability in people with PCOS. Fiber intake was not independently associated with glucose outcomes after adjustment. Further research is required to determine the role of CGMs in assessing glucose responses to diet in this population.

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