SAT-155 - Simultaneous Wearable Monitoring of Estradiol and Progesterone Metabolites in Perspiration Using Dual Electrochemical Biosensors: Analytical Validation and Exploratory Human Profiling

Background:
Estradiol (EdG) and progesterone (PdG) dynamics govern menstrual cyclicity and are central to fertility assessment and endocrine disorders including PCOS, endometriosis, and the menopausal transition. Current clinical testing relies largely on blood-based immunoassays that provide intermittent measurements, limiting insight into day-to-day hormonal variability and early detection of cycle dysregulation. A continuous, non-invasive platform capable of simultaneously tracking EdG and PdG could enable personalized endocrine phenotyping and improve detection of irregular hormonal patterns.

Methods:
We developed dual electrochemical biosensors for EdG and PdG and integrated them into the AWARE® wearable platform for perspiration monitoring. Sensor surface concentrations were optimized using calibrated dose–response (CDR) analysis. Analytical performance was characterized by linearity (R²), dissociation constant (Kd), and inter-lot reproducibility (N=4 sensor lots). Selectivity was evaluated using cross-reactivity testing against six potential interferents. In an exploratory longitudinal study, eight women (four < 40 years; four ≥40 years) will be monitored for four weeks, capturing normal cycling and perimenopausal/menopausal hormonal patterns. Salivary EdG and PdG will be collected in parallel as a non-invasive reference matrix.

Results:
The EdG biosensor demonstrated dose-dependent response across 3–122.52 pg/mL with strong linearity (R²=0.97) and high affinity (Kd=58.5 pM; N=4, n=14). The PdG biosensor exhibited robust linearity across 10–976 pg/mL (R²=0.97) with Kd=173.26 pM (N=4, n=15). Cross-reactivity remained low and below the 20% threshold across all tested concentration levels: EdG signal on the PdG sensor ranged from −7.02% to 6.16%, and PdG signal on the EdG sensor ranged from −3.14% to 14.65% (n=7–8).

Conclusions:
AWARE® enables simultaneous, non-invasive EdG and PdG monitoring in perspiration with high analytical linearity, picomolar affinity, and minimal cross-reactivity, supporting the feasibility of continuous endocrine hormone profiling. This approach has strong translational potential for precision women’s health applications including fertility tracking and improved longitudinal assessment of endocrine dysregulation (e.g., PCOS, endometriosis, and menopausal transition).

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