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Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary

MON-074 - Endocrine Dysfunction in Primary Empty Sella: A Retrospective Cohort from Basrah, Iraq

Monday, June 15, 2026
9:00 AM - 2:00 PM CT

    Co-Author(s)

  • MH

    Mohammed Hadi, MD

    University of Basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • IZ

    Ibrahim Zaboon, MD

    University of Basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • AA

    Ali Alhamza, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • AM

    Ammar Mohammed Saeed, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • NA

    Nassar Alibrahim, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Al Basrah, Iraq

  • RH

    Rudha Hussein, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • HN

    Hussein Nwayyir, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • AM

    Adel Mohammed, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • DA

    Dheyaa Al-Waeli, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • IH

    Ibrahim Hussein, MD

    University of Basrah, Faih Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • SO

    Samih Odhaib, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Al Basrah, Iraq

  • MA

    Mahmood Altemimi, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

  • EA

    Emad Alhubaish, MD

    University of basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Iraq

    • Late-Breaking Poster Presenter(s)

  • AM

    Abbas Ali Mansour, MD

    Professor
    University of Basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Al Basrah, Iraq

    • Co-Author(s)

  • AM

    Abbas Ali Mansour, MD

    Professor
    University of Basrah, Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center
    Basrah, Al Basrah, Iraq



Background: Primary empty sella (PES) is a relatively common radiological finding, but its endocrine significance varies across studies. Although many cases are detected incidentally, clinically relevant pituitary hormonal abnormalities may occur and require systematic evaluation.

Aim: To assess the pattern of hormonal abnormalities in patients with primary empty sella managed at a tertiary endocrine center in Basrah, Iraq, and to identify factors associated with the presence of any hormonal abnormality.

Methods: This retrospective study was based on electronic database retrieval of patients with primary empty sella syndrome registered between November 2008 and March 2026 at the Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center. Diagnosis was established by excluding secondary causes of sellar abnormality and confirming typical pituitary MRI findings. Patients with complete or partial empty sella who underwent hormonal evaluation were included. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal data were analyzed. Group comparisons were performed between patients with and without any hormonal abnormality, followed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results: A total of 208 patients were included; mean age was 38.1 ± 13.2 years, and 65.9% were female. Overall, 63.5% had at least one hormonal abnormality. Hypogonadism was the most frequent abnormality (29.3%), followed by hyperprolactinemia (22.6%), adrenal insufficiency (10.1%), central hypothyroidism (8.2%), and diabetes insipidus (6.3%). On multivariable analysis, younger age and male sex were independently associated with hormonal abnormality.

Conclusion: Hormonal abnormalities are common in primary empty sella, with hypogonadism being the predominant abnormality. Routine endocrine evaluation is warranted in all newly identified cases.
Keywords: Primary empty sella; Empty sella syndrome; Hypopituitarism; Hypogonadism; Hyperprolactinemia; Pituitary dysfunction

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